Table of Contents:
- Introduction to Infrared Optics
- Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR)
- Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR)
- Long-Wave Infrared (LWIR)
- Optics in MWIR and LWIR Systems
1. Introduction to Infrared Optics
Infrared Optics are essential for collecting, focusing, or collimating light within the wavelength range of 700 to 16000 nm. They are categorized into four spectral ranges, each serving distinct purposes.
2. Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR)
SWIR operates similarly to visible light, with photons being reflected or absorbed by objects. This provides contrast for high-resolution imaging, especially useful for applications like surveillance, anti-counterfeiting, and quality control.
3. Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR)
MWIR systems are less affected by atmospheric conditions like humidity, making them ideal for long-range surveillance. They excel in detecting high-temperature objects such as vehicles or missiles. MWIR cameras typically utilize Silicon or Germanium optics.
4. Long-Wave Infrared (LWIR)
LWIR systems, operating within the 8 to 14 micron range, are preferred for near-room temperature objects. They are less affected by sunlight and find applications in building inspection, gas detection, and body temperature measurement during health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
5. Optics in MWIR and LWIR Systems
High-purity Silicon is favored for MWIR cameras due to its excellent transmission properties and lightweight nature. Germanium, while more expensive, offers superior optical and mechanical properties, making it suitable for LWIR systems. Zinc Sulfide, grown using Chemical Vapor Deposition, is another common material used in both MWIR and LWIR optics.
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